The vitreous humor is a clear, jelly-like substance that fills the space in the eye between the lens and the retina. Constituting around 80% of the eye's volume, it is composed mainly of water, along with small amounts of collagen, hyaluronic acid, and other proteins. This composition provides the vitreous with a gel-like consistency, which is essential for its functions within the eye.

Functions of the Vitreous

Optical Clarity:

The vitreous is perfectly clear, allowing light to pass through to the retina unobstructed, which is crucial for clear vision.

Support Structure:

It helps maintain the spherical shape of the eye and supports the retina, keeping it in place against the back wall of the eye.

Shock Absorption:

The gel-like nature of the vitreous acts as a shock absorber, protecting the retina and other delicate structures within the eye from damage due to movement or impact.

Common Conditions Affecting the Vitreous

Vitreous Detachment:

As we age, the vitreous gradually shrinks and can separate from the retina. While often harmless, it can sometimes lead to retinal tears or detachment, requiring immediate medical attention.

Vitreous Hemorrhage:

Bleeding into the vitreous can occur due to various reasons, such as diabetic retinopathy or trauma, leading to sudden vision changes or loss.

Floaters:

These are tiny shadows or specks that appear in one's field of vision, caused by small particles floating within the vitreous. While commonly benign, a sudden increase in floaters can indicate more serious issues.